Webgpu renderer

client/components/dimension.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { ClientWorld } from "../client_world.ts";
 import { generate_chunk } from "../generation.ts";
 import { ItemStack } from "../inventory.ts";
 import { PlayerComponent } from "../player.ts";
-import { gl, Texture } from "../renderer/mod.ts";
+import { destroy_vertex_buffer, Texture } from "../renderer/mod.ts";
 import { Camera } from "./camera.ts";
 
 export interface BlockData<T = unknown> {
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ export interface Chunk {
 	blocks_data: BlockData[];
 	generated: boolean;
 	dirty: boolean;
-	opaque_vertex_buffer?: WebGLBuffer;
+	opaque_vertex_buffer?: GPUBuffer;
 	opaque_vertex_count?: number;
-	transparent_vertex_buffer?: WebGLBuffer;
+	transparent_vertex_buffer?: GPUBuffer;
 	transparent_vertex_count?: number;
 }
 
@@ -296,10 +296,12 @@ export class Dimension extends Component {
 
 	delete_chunk_mesh(chunk: Chunk) {
 		if (chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer) {
-			gl.deleteBuffer(chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer);
+			destroy_vertex_buffer(chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer);
+			chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer = undefined;
 		}
 		if (chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer) {
-			gl.deleteBuffer(chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer);
+			destroy_vertex_buffer(chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer);
+			chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer = undefined;
 		}
 	}
 

client/main.ts

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ if (!canvas) {
 	throw Error("Canvas was not found");
 }
 
-init_window(canvas);
+await init_window(canvas);
 
 InputManager.initialize(canvas);
 

client/renderer/core.ts

@@ -1,28 +1,44 @@
 import { Camera } from "../components/camera.ts";
 import { mat4 } from "gl-matrix";
 
-export let gl: WebGLRenderingContext;
+export let device: GPUDevice;
 export let canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
 
 const MAX_SPRITES = 100000;
 const VERTS_PER_SPRITE = 6;
 const FLOATS_PER_VERT = 9;
+const VERTEX_STRIDE = FLOATS_PER_VERT * 4;
 
-let program: WebGLProgram;
-let main_buffer: WebGLBuffer;
+const SAMPLE_COUNT = 4;
+const DEPTH_FORMAT: GPUTextureFormat = "depth24plus";
+
+// dynamic uniform offsets have to be 256 aligned
+const UNIFORM_SLOT_SIZE = 256;
+
+let context: GPUCanvasContext;
+let canvas_format: GPUTextureFormat;
+
+let pipeline_2d: GPURenderPipeline;
+let pipeline_3d: GPURenderPipeline;
+let uniform_layout: GPUBindGroupLayout;
+let texture_layout: GPUBindGroupLayout;
+let sampler: GPUSampler;
 
 const vertex_data = new Float32Array(MAX_SPRITES * VERTS_PER_SPRITE * FLOATS_PER_VERT);
 let vert_index = 0;
 
-let pos_loc: GLint;
-let uv_loc: GLint;
-let color_loc: GLint;
-let texture_loc: WebGLUniformLocation | null;
-let mvp_loc: WebGLUniformLocation | null;
-let col_diffuse_loc: WebGLUniformLocation | null;
+// every flush in a frame appends to this, so earlier draws dont get overwritten before the submit
+let stream_buffer: GPUBuffer;
+let stream_offset = 0;
 
-let current_texture: WebGLTexture | null = null;
-export let white_tex: WebGLTexture | null = null;
+let uniform_buffer: GPUBuffer;
+let uniform_bind_group: GPUBindGroup;
+let uniform_slot = -1;
+
+const texture_bind_groups = new WeakMap<GPUTexture, GPUBindGroup>();
+
+let current_texture: GPUTexture | null = null;
+export let white_tex: GPUTexture | null = null;
 
 let mode3d = false;
 
@@ -33,91 +49,124 @@ const proj = mat4.create();
 const view = mat4.create();
 const mvp = mat4.create();
 
-const vertex_src = `#version 300 es
-precision mediump float;
-in vec3 vertexPosition;
-in vec2 vertexTexCoord;
-in vec4 vertexColor;
-out vec2 fragTexCoord;
-out vec4 fragColor;
-uniform mat4 mvp;
+// per frame state
+let encoder: GPUCommandEncoder | undefined;
+let pass: GPURenderPassEncoder | undefined;
+let frame_view: GPUTextureView;
+let msaa_texture: GPUTexture | undefined;
+let depth_texture: GPUTexture | undefined;
+let current_pipeline: GPURenderPipeline | undefined;
+let clear_color: GPUColor = { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 };
+let pending_color_clear = false;
+let pending_depth_clear = false;
+let scissor: { x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number } | undefined;
+let pending_destroy: GPUBuffer[] = [];
 
-void main() {
-	fragTexCoord = vertexTexCoord;
-	fragColor = vertexColor;
-	gl_Position = mvp*vec4(vertexPosition, 1.0);
+const shader_src = /* wgsl */ `
+struct Uniforms {
+	mvp: mat4x4<f32>,
+}
+
+@group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> uniforms: Uniforms;
+@group(1) @binding(0) var texture0: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(1) @binding(1) var sampler0: sampler;
+
+struct VertexOut {
+	@builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>,
+	@location(0) tex_coord: vec2<f32>,
+	@location(1) color: vec4<f32>,
+}
+
+@vertex
+fn vs_main(
+	@location(0) position: vec3<f32>,
+	@location(1) tex_coord: vec2<f32>,
+	@location(2) color: vec4<f32>,
+) -> VertexOut {
+	var out: VertexOut;
+	out.position = uniforms.mvp * vec4<f32>(position, 1.0);
+	out.tex_coord = tex_coord;
+	out.color = color;
+	return out;
+}
+
+@fragment
+fn fs_main(in: VertexOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+	return textureSample(texture0, sampler0, in.tex_coord) * in.color;
 }
 `;
 
-const fragment_src = `#version 300 es
-precision mediump float;
-in vec2 fragTexCoord;
-in vec4 fragColor;
-out vec4 finalColor;
-uniform sampler2D texture0;
-uniform vec4 colDiffuse;
-void main() {
-	vec4 texelColor = texture(texture0, fragTexCoord);
-	finalColor = texelColor*colDiffuse*fragColor;
-}
-`;
-
-export function init_window(canvas_element: HTMLCanvasElement) {
+export async function init_window(canvas_element: HTMLCanvasElement) {
 	canvas = canvas_element;
 	canvas.width = 1800;
 	canvas.height = 900;
 
-	const ctx = canvas.getContext("webgl2", { antialias: true, alpha: false });
-	if (!ctx) {
-		throw new Error("WebGL2 not supported");
+	if (!navigator.gpu) {
+		throw new Error("WebGPU not supported");
 	}
+	const adapter = await navigator.gpu.requestAdapter();
+	if (!adapter) {
+		throw new Error("No WebGPU adapter found");
+	}
+	device = await adapter.requestDevice();
+	device.addEventListener("uncapturederror", (event) => {
+		console.error("WebGPU error:", (event as GPUUncapturedErrorEvent).error.message);
+	});
+	device.lost.then((info) => console.error(`WebGPU device lost: ${info.message}`));
 
-	gl = ctx;
+	// the dom typings dont know about the webgpu overload yet
+	const ctx = canvas.getContext("webgpu") as GPUCanvasContext | null;
+	if (!ctx) {
+		throw new Error("WebGPU not supported");
+	}
+	context = ctx;
+	canvas_format = navigator.gpu.getPreferredCanvasFormat();
+	context.configure({ device, format: canvas_format, alphaMode: "opaque" });
 
-	program = create_program(vertex_src, fragment_src);
+	create_pipelines();
 
-	main_buffer = gl.createBuffer()!;
-	gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, main_buffer);
+	sampler = device.createSampler({
+		magFilter: "nearest",
+		minFilter: "nearest",
+		addressModeU: "clamp-to-edge",
+		addressModeV: "clamp-to-edge",
+	});
 
-	const stride = FLOATS_PER_VERT * 4;
-
-	pos_loc = gl.getAttribLocation(program, "vertexPosition");
-	gl.enableVertexAttribArray(pos_loc);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(pos_loc, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 0);
-
-	uv_loc = gl.getAttribLocation(program, "vertexTexCoord");
-	gl.enableVertexAttribArray(uv_loc);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(uv_loc, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 12);
-
-	color_loc = gl.getAttribLocation(program, "vertexColor");
-	gl.enableVertexAttribArray(color_loc);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(color_loc, 4, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 20);
-
-	mvp_loc = gl.getUniformLocation(program, "mvp");
-	texture_loc = gl.getUniformLocation(program, "texture0");
-	col_diffuse_loc = gl.getUniformLocation(program, "colDiffuse");
-
-	gl.useProgram(program);
-
-	gl.enable(gl.BLEND);
-	gl.blendFunc(gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-
-	gl.cullFace(gl.BACK);
-	gl.frontFace(gl.CCW);
+	stream_buffer = create_stream_buffer(8 * 1024 * 1024);
+	create_uniform_buffer(64);
 
 	create_white_texture();
 }
 
 export function begin_drawing() {
+	encoder = device.createCommandEncoder();
+	frame_view = context.getCurrentTexture().createView();
+	ensure_render_targets();
+
 	update_2d_mvp();
-	gl.depthFunc(gl.LEQUAL);
-	gl.clearDepth(1.0);
-	gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+	stream_offset = 0;
+	uniform_slot = -1;
+	write_mvp();
+
+	pending_color_clear = true;
+	pending_depth_clear = true;
 	vert_index = 0;
 }
 
 export function end_drawing() {
 	flush_batch();
+	// make sure the frame gets cleared even if nothing was drawn
+	ensure_pass();
+
+	pass!.end();
+	pass = undefined;
+	device.queue.submit([encoder!.finish()]);
+	encoder = undefined;
+
+	for (const buffer of pending_destroy) {
+		buffer.destroy();
+	}
+	pending_destroy = [];
 }
 
 function update_2d_mvp() {
@@ -131,19 +180,23 @@ function update_2d_mvp() {
 	const n = -1;
 	const f = 1;
 
-	mat4.ortho(ortho, l, r, b, t, n, f);
+	mat4.orthoZO(ortho, l, r, b, t, n, f);
 }
 
 export function begin_clip(x: number, y: number, width: number, height: number) {
-	gl.enable(gl.SCISSOR_TEST);
-
-	const flipped_y = canvas.height - (y + height);
-
-	gl.scissor(x, flipped_y, width, height);
+	flush_batch();
+	scissor = { x, y, width, height };
+	if (pass) {
+		apply_scissor(pass);
+	}
 }
 
 export function end_clip() {
-	gl.disable(gl.SCISSOR_TEST);
+	flush_batch();
+	scissor = undefined;
+	if (pass) {
+		apply_scissor(pass);
+	}
 }
 
 export function begin_mode_3d(new_camera: Camera) {
@@ -152,13 +205,8 @@ export function begin_mode_3d(new_camera: Camera) {
 	mode3d = true;
 	camera = new_camera;
 
-	gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
-	gl.enable(gl.CULL_FACE);
-	gl.depthMask(true);
-	gl.enable(gl.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL);
-	gl.polygonOffset(1, 1);
-
 	update_camera();
+	write_mvp();
 }
 
 export function end_mode_3d() {
@@ -169,15 +217,18 @@ export function end_mode_3d() {
 	flush_batch();
 
 	mode3d = false;
-	gl.disable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
-	gl.disable(gl.CULL_FACE);
-	gl.depthMask(false);
-	gl.disable(gl.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL);
+	write_mvp();
 }
 
 export function clear_background(r: number, g: number, b: number, a = 1) {
-	gl.clearColor(r, g, b, a);
-	gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
+	flush_batch();
+	clear_color = { r, g, b, a };
+	// the clear happens when a render pass starts, so start a new one
+	if (pass) {
+		pass.end();
+		pass = undefined;
+	}
+	pending_color_clear = true;
 }
 
 export function flush_batch() {
@@ -185,52 +236,41 @@ export function flush_batch() {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, main_buffer);
-	gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, vertex_data.subarray(0, vert_index), gl.STREAM_DRAW);
-
-	if (mode3d) {
-		gl.uniformMatrix4fv(mvp_loc, false, mvp);
-	} else {
-		gl.uniformMatrix4fv(mvp_loc, false, ortho);
+	const byte_length = vert_index * 4;
+	if (stream_offset + byte_length > stream_buffer.size) {
+		// the old buffer might still be used by draws in this frame, destroy it after the submit
+		pending_destroy.push(stream_buffer);
+		stream_buffer = create_stream_buffer(Math.max(stream_buffer.size * 2, byte_length));
+		stream_offset = 0;
 	}
 
-	const stride = FLOATS_PER_VERT * 4;
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(pos_loc, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 0);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(uv_loc, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 12);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(color_loc, 4, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 20);
-
-	gl.uniform4f(col_diffuse_loc, 1, 1, 1, 1);
-
-	gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0);
-	gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, current_texture);
-	gl.uniform1i(texture_loc, 0);
-
-	gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, vert_index / FLOATS_PER_VERT);
+	device.queue.writeBuffer(stream_buffer, stream_offset, vertex_data, 0, vert_index);
+	draw(stream_buffer, stream_offset, vert_index / FLOATS_PER_VERT);
+	stream_offset += byte_length;
 
 	vert_index = 0;
 }
 
-export function flush_buffer(buffer: WebGLBuffer, draw_count: number) {
-	gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer);
+export function flush_buffer(buffer: GPUBuffer, draw_count: number) {
+	draw(buffer, 0, draw_count);
+}
 
-	if (mode3d) {
-		gl.uniformMatrix4fv(mvp_loc, false, mvp);
+export function create_vertex_buffer(vertices: Float32Array): GPUBuffer {
+	const buffer = device.createBuffer({
+		size: Math.max(4, vertices.byteLength),
+		usage: GPUBufferUsage.VERTEX | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST,
+	});
+	device.queue.writeBuffer(buffer, 0, vertices);
+	return buffer;
+}
+
+export function destroy_vertex_buffer(buffer: GPUBuffer) {
+	// it might be used by a draw thats not submitted yet
+	if (encoder) {
+		pending_destroy.push(buffer);
 	} else {
-		gl.uniformMatrix4fv(mvp_loc, false, ortho);
+		buffer.destroy();
 	}
-
-	const stride = FLOATS_PER_VERT * 4;
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(pos_loc, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 0);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(uv_loc, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 12);
-	gl.vertexAttribPointer(color_loc, 4, gl.FLOAT, false, stride, 20);
-
-	gl.uniform4f(col_diffuse_loc, 1, 1, 1, 1);
-
-	gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0);
-	gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, current_texture);
-	gl.uniform1i(texture_loc, 0);
-
-	gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, draw_count);
 }
 
 export function resize_canvas() {
@@ -242,21 +282,26 @@ export function resize_canvas() {
 		canvas.height = height;
 		canvas.style.width = canvas.width + "px";
 		canvas.style.height = canvas.height + "px";
-
-		gl.viewport(0, 0, width, height);
-
-		gl.useProgram(program);
+		// render targets get recreated at the start of the next frame
 	}
 }
 
-export function get_current_texture(): WebGLTexture | null {
+export function get_current_texture(): GPUTexture | null {
 	return current_texture;
 }
 
-export function set_current_texture(texture: WebGLTexture) {
+export function set_current_texture(texture: GPUTexture) {
 	current_texture = texture;
 }
 
+export function create_texture(width: number, height: number): GPUTexture {
+	return device.createTexture({
+		size: [width, height],
+		format: "rgba8unorm",
+		usage: GPUTextureUsage.TEXTURE_BINDING | GPUTextureUsage.COPY_DST | GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+	});
+}
+
 export function push_vertex(px: number, py: number, pz: number, u: number, vv: number, r = 1, g = 1, b = 1, a = 1) {
 	let i = vert_index;
 	vertex_data[i++] = px;
@@ -330,12 +375,115 @@ export function push_quad_vertices(
 
 // internal
 
+function draw(buffer: GPUBuffer, offset: number, vertex_count: number) {
+	if (!current_texture || vertex_count === 0) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	const render_pass = ensure_pass();
+
+	const pipeline = mode3d ? pipeline_3d : pipeline_2d;
+	if (current_pipeline !== pipeline) {
+		render_pass.setPipeline(pipeline);
+		current_pipeline = pipeline;
+	}
+
+	render_pass.setBindGroup(0, uniform_bind_group, [uniform_slot * UNIFORM_SLOT_SIZE]);
+	render_pass.setBindGroup(1, get_texture_bind_group(current_texture));
+	render_pass.setVertexBuffer(0, buffer, offset);
+	render_pass.draw(vertex_count);
+}
+
+function ensure_pass(): GPURenderPassEncoder {
+	if (pass) {
+		return pass;
+	}
+
+	pass = encoder!.beginRenderPass({
+		colorAttachments: [{
+			view: msaa_texture!.createView(),
+			resolveTarget: frame_view,
+			clearValue: clear_color,
+			loadOp: pending_color_clear ? "clear" : "load",
+			storeOp: "store",
+		}],
+		depthStencilAttachment: {
+			view: depth_texture!.createView(),
+			depthClearValue: 1,
+			depthLoadOp: pending_depth_clear ? "clear" : "load",
+			depthStoreOp: "store",
+		},
+	});
+	pending_color_clear = false;
+	pending_depth_clear = false;
+	current_pipeline = undefined;
+	apply_scissor(pass);
+
+	return pass;
+}
+
+function apply_scissor(render_pass: GPURenderPassEncoder) {
+	const target_width = msaa_texture!.width;
+	const target_height = msaa_texture!.height;
+
+	if (!scissor) {
+		render_pass.setScissorRect(0, 0, target_width, target_height);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// webgpu errors on rects outside the target instead of clipping them
+	const x0 = Math.min(target_width, Math.max(0, Math.floor(scissor.x)));
+	const y0 = Math.min(target_height, Math.max(0, Math.floor(scissor.y)));
+	const x1 = Math.min(target_width, Math.max(x0, Math.ceil(scissor.x + scissor.width)));
+	const y1 = Math.min(target_height, Math.max(y0, Math.ceil(scissor.y + scissor.height)));
+
+	render_pass.setScissorRect(x0, y0, x1 - x0, y1 - y0);
+}
+
+function ensure_render_targets() {
+	const width = canvas.width;
+	const height = canvas.height;
+
+	if (msaa_texture && msaa_texture.width === width && msaa_texture.height === height) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	msaa_texture?.destroy();
+	depth_texture?.destroy();
+
+	msaa_texture = device.createTexture({
+		size: [width, height],
+		format: canvas_format,
+		sampleCount: SAMPLE_COUNT,
+		usage: GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+	});
+	depth_texture = device.createTexture({
+		size: [width, height],
+		format: DEPTH_FORMAT,
+		sampleCount: SAMPLE_COUNT,
+		usage: GPUTextureUsage.RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
+	});
+}
+
+// puts the current matrix in a new uniform slot, earlier draws in the frame keep using theirs
+function write_mvp() {
+	uniform_slot += 1;
+	if (uniform_slot * UNIFORM_SLOT_SIZE >= uniform_buffer.size) {
+		pending_destroy.push(uniform_buffer);
+		create_uniform_buffer((uniform_buffer.size / UNIFORM_SLOT_SIZE) * 2);
+		uniform_slot = 0;
+	}
+
+	const matrix = mode3d ? mvp : ortho;
+	device.queue.writeBuffer(uniform_buffer, uniform_slot * UNIFORM_SLOT_SIZE, matrix as Float32Array);
+}
+
 function update_camera() {
 	if (!camera) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	mat4.perspective(
+	mat4.perspectiveZO(
 		proj,
 		camera.fov,
 		canvas.width / canvas.height,
@@ -354,47 +502,107 @@ function update_camera() {
 	mat4.multiply(mvp, proj, view);
 }
 
-function compile_shader(type: number, src: string) {
-	const shader = gl.createShader(type)!;
+function create_pipelines() {
+	const module = device.createShaderModule({ code: shader_src });
 
-	gl.shaderSource(shader, src);
-	gl.compileShader(shader);
+	uniform_layout = device.createBindGroupLayout({
+		entries: [{
+			binding: 0,
+			visibility: GPUShaderStage.VERTEX,
+			buffer: { type: "uniform", hasDynamicOffset: true, minBindingSize: 64 },
+		}],
+	});
+	texture_layout = device.createBindGroupLayout({
+		entries: [
+			{ binding: 0, visibility: GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT, texture: {} },
+			{ binding: 1, visibility: GPUShaderStage.FRAGMENT, sampler: {} },
+		],
+	});
+	const layout = device.createPipelineLayout({ bindGroupLayouts: [uniform_layout, texture_layout] });
 
-	if (!gl.getShaderParameter(shader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
-		console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(shader));
-		throw new Error("Shader compile failed");
-	}
+	const vertex: GPUVertexState = {
+		module,
+		entryPoint: "vs_main",
+		buffers: [{
+			arrayStride: VERTEX_STRIDE,
+			attributes: [
+				{ shaderLocation: 0, offset: 0, format: "float32x3" },
+				{ shaderLocation: 1, offset: 12, format: "float32x2" },
+				{ shaderLocation: 2, offset: 20, format: "float32x4" },
+			],
+		}],
+	};
+	const fragment: GPUFragmentState = {
+		module,
+		entryPoint: "fs_main",
+		targets: [{
+			format: canvas_format,
+			blend: {
+				color: { srcFactor: "src-alpha", dstFactor: "one-minus-src-alpha", operation: "add" },
+				alpha: { srcFactor: "src-alpha", dstFactor: "one-minus-src-alpha", operation: "add" },
+			},
+		}],
+	};
+	const multisample: GPUMultisampleState = { count: SAMPLE_COUNT };
 
-	return shader;
+	pipeline_2d = device.createRenderPipeline({
+		layout,
+		vertex,
+		fragment,
+		multisample,
+		primitive: { topology: "triangle-list", cullMode: "none" },
+		depthStencil: { format: DEPTH_FORMAT, depthWriteEnabled: false, depthCompare: "always" },
+	});
+
+	pipeline_3d = device.createRenderPipeline({
+		layout,
+		vertex,
+		fragment,
+		multisample,
+		primitive: { topology: "triangle-list", cullMode: "back", frontFace: "ccw" },
+		depthStencil: {
+			format: DEPTH_FORMAT,
+			depthWriteEnabled: true,
+			depthCompare: "less-equal",
+			// same as the old polygonOffset(1, 1)
+			depthBias: 1,
+			depthBiasSlopeScale: 1,
+		},
+	});
 }
 
-function create_program(vs_src: string, fs_src: string) {
-	const vs = compile_shader(gl.VERTEX_SHADER, vs_src);
-	const fs = compile_shader(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER, fs_src);
+function create_stream_buffer(size: number) {
+	return device.createBuffer({ size, usage: GPUBufferUsage.VERTEX | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST });
+}
 
-	const program = gl.createProgram()!;
-	gl.attachShader(program, vs);
-	gl.attachShader(program, fs);
-	gl.linkProgram(program);
+function create_uniform_buffer(slots: number) {
+	uniform_buffer = device.createBuffer({
+		size: slots * UNIFORM_SLOT_SIZE,
+		usage: GPUBufferUsage.UNIFORM | GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST,
+	});
+	uniform_bind_group = device.createBindGroup({
+		layout: uniform_layout,
+		entries: [{ binding: 0, resource: { buffer: uniform_buffer, size: 64 } }],
+	});
+}
 
-	if (!gl.getProgramParameter(program, gl.LINK_STATUS)) {
-		console.error(gl.getProgramInfoLog(program));
-		throw new Error("Program link failed");
+function get_texture_bind_group(texture: GPUTexture) {
+	let bind_group = texture_bind_groups.get(texture);
+	if (!bind_group) {
+		bind_group = device.createBindGroup({
+			layout: texture_layout,
+			entries: [
+				{ binding: 0, resource: texture.createView() },
+				{ binding: 1, resource: sampler },
+			],
+		});
+		texture_bind_groups.set(texture, bind_group);
 	}
-
-	return program;
+	return bind_group;
 }
 
 function create_white_texture() {
-	const tex = gl.createTexture();
-	gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, tex);
-	const white_pixel = new Uint8Array([255, 255, 255, 255]);
-	gl.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.RGBA, 1, 1, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, white_pixel);
-
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.NEAREST);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.NEAREST);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-
+	const tex = create_texture(1, 1);
+	device.queue.writeTexture({ texture: tex }, new Uint8Array([255, 255, 255, 255]), { bytesPerRow: 4 }, [1, 1]);
 	white_tex = tex;
 }

client/renderer/textures.ts

@@ -1,28 +1,17 @@
-import { flush_batch, get_current_texture, gl, push_quad, push_quad_vertices, set_current_texture } from "./core.ts";
+import {
+	create_texture,
+	device,
+	flush_batch,
+	get_current_texture,
+	push_quad,
+	push_quad_vertices,
+	set_current_texture,
+} from "./core.ts";
 import { Texture } from "./types.ts";
 
 export function load_texture(image: HTMLImageElement): Texture {
-	const texture = gl.createTexture();
-
-	gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, texture);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.NEAREST);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.NEAREST);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-
-	gl.texImage2D(
-		gl.TEXTURE_2D,
-		0,
-		gl.RGBA,
-		gl.RGBA,
-		gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE,
-		image,
-	);
-
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.NEAREST);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.NEAREST);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-	gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	const texture = create_texture(image.width, image.height);
+	device.queue.copyExternalImageToTexture({ source: image }, { texture }, [image.width, image.height]);
 
 	return {
 		tex: texture,

client/renderer/types.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 export interface Texture {
-	tex: WebGLTexture;
+	tex: GPUTexture;
 	width: number;
 	height: number;
 }

client/systems/rendering/dimension.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { EverythingRegistry } from "$/common/everything_registry.ts";
 import { Chunk, Dimension } from "$/client/components/dimension.ts";
 import { Camera } from "$/client/components/camera.ts";
 import { AssetManager } from "$/client/assets.ts";
-import { flush_buffer, gl, set_current_texture } from "$/client/renderer/mod.ts";
+import { create_vertex_buffer, flush_buffer, set_current_texture } from "$/client/renderer/mod.ts";
 
 let gdimension: Dimension;
 
@@ -20,25 +20,11 @@ worker.onmessage = (event) => {
 	gdimension.delete_chunk_mesh(chunk);
 	chunk.dirty = false;
 
-	chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer = gl.createBuffer();
+	chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer = create_vertex_buffer(opaque_vertices.subarray(0, opaque_count));
 	chunk.opaque_vertex_count = opaque_count / 9;
 
-	gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, chunk.opaque_vertex_buffer);
-	gl.bufferData(
-		gl.ARRAY_BUFFER,
-		opaque_vertices.subarray(0, opaque_count),
-		gl.STATIC_DRAW,
-	);
-
-	chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer = gl.createBuffer();
+	chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer = create_vertex_buffer(transparent_vertices.subarray(0, transparent_count));
 	chunk.transparent_vertex_count = transparent_count / 9;
-
-	gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, chunk.transparent_vertex_buffer);
-	gl.bufferData(
-		gl.ARRAY_BUFFER,
-		transparent_vertices.subarray(0, transparent_count),
-		gl.STATIC_DRAW,
-	);
 };
 
 function strip_functions<T extends Record<string, any>>(obj: T) {

deno.json

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 		"server": "deno run --allow-net --allow-read --allow-write --allow-env server/main.ts"
 	},
 	"compilerOptions": {
-		"lib": ["dom", "dom.asynciterable", "dom.iterable", "deno.ns", "deno.unstable"]
+		"lib": ["dom", "dom.asynciterable", "dom.iterable", "deno.ns", "deno.unstable", "deno.webgpu"]
 	},
 	"unstable": ["bundle", "raw-imports"],
 	"fmt": {